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100 Physics MCQs with answers and explanations for Army, Navy and PAF initial tests

100 Physics MCQs with Answers and Explanations for Army, Navy and PAF Tests

By admin / October 14, 2026

About these Physics MCQs

This set of 100 Physics MCQs is made for candidates preparing for the Pak Army, Pak Navy and PAF initial tests. Every question has four options, the correct answer and a short reason, so you understand the concept behind each answer and not just the result.

The physics section of an academic test checks school level knowledge, units, motion, forces, energy, heat, light, electricity, magnetism and atoms. The questions below cover all of these topics. Work through them in order, or jump straight to any topic from the list.

100MCQs
11Topics
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Topics covered in these 100 Physics MCQs

Tip: attempt the question before you open the answer.

SI Units MCQs Q1–10

1What is the SI unit of force?

  1. Joule
  2. Newton
  3. Watt
  4. Pascal
View answer

B) Newton because force is measured in newtons (N) in the SI system.

2What is the SI unit of work?

  1. Watt
  2. Newton
  3. Joule
  4. Ampere
View answer

C) Joule because work is measured in joules (J).

3What is the SI unit of power?

  1. Joule
  2. Watt
  3. Newton
  4. Volt
View answer

B) Watt because power is the rate of doing work.

4What is the SI unit of energy?

  1. Joule
  2. Watt
  3. Ohm
  4. Tesla
View answer

A) Joule because energy is measured in joules.

5What is the SI unit of pressure?

  1. Newton
  2. Pascal
  3. Joule
  4. Watt
View answer

B) Pascal because pressure is measured in pascals (Pa).

6What is the SI unit of electric current?

  1. Volt
  2. Ohm
  3. Ampere
  4. Coulomb
View answer

C) Ampere because electric current is measured in amperes (A).

7What is the SI unit of electric charge?

  1. Coulomb
  2. Ampere
  3. Volt
  4. Ohm
View answer

A) Coulomb because electric charge is measured in coulombs (C).

8What is the SI unit of potential difference?

  1. Ampere
  2. Ohm
  3. Volt
  4. Watt
View answer

C) Volt because potential difference is measured in volts (V).

9What is the SI unit of resistance?

  1. Volt
  2. Ohm
  3. Ampere
  4. Joule
View answer

B) Ohm because electrical resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).

10What is the SI unit of frequency?

  1. Decibel
  2. Hertz
  3. Metre
  4. Second
View answer

B) Hertz because frequency is measured in hertz (Hz).

Measuring Instruments MCQs Q11–15

11Which instrument measures temperature?

  1. Barometer
  2. Thermometer
  3. Ammeter
  4. Voltmeter
View answer

B) Thermometer because it measures temperature.

12Which instrument measures atmospheric pressure?

  1. Thermometer
  2. Hydrometer
  3. Barometer
  4. Speedometer
View answer

C) Barometer because it measures atmospheric pressure.

13Which instrument measures electric current?

  1. Voltmeter
  2. Ammeter
  3. Barometer
  4. Galvanometer only for voltage
View answer

B) Ammeter because it measures electric current.

14Which instrument measures potential difference?

  1. Ammeter
  2. Voltmeter
  3. Thermometer
  4. Hygrometer
View answer

B) Voltmeter because it measures voltage between two points.

15Which instrument measures the speed of a vehicle?

  1. Odometer
  2. Speedometer
  3. Barometer
  4. Ammeter
View answer

B) Speedometer because it indicates the vehicle's speed.

Speed of Light, Sound and Waves MCQs Q16–20

16What is the approximate speed of light in a vacuum?

  1. 3 × 10⁶ m/s
  2. 3 × 10⁸ m/s
  3. 3 × 10⁵ m/s
  4. 3 × 10¹⁰ m/s
View answer

B) 3 × 10⁸ m/s because light travels at approximately 300 million metres per second in a vacuum.

17What is the approximate speed of sound in air at room temperature?

  1. 34 m/s
  2. 343 m/s
  3. 3,430 m/s
  4. 30 m/s
View answer

B) 343 m/s because sound travels at approximately 343 m/s in air at room temperature.

18Which type of wave is sound in air?

  1. Transverse
  2. Longitudinal
  3. Electromagnetic
  4. Radioactive
View answer

B) Longitudinal because air particles vibrate parallel to the direction of sound propagation.

19Can sound travel through a vacuum?

  1. Yes
  2. No
  3. Only at night
  4. Only at high temperature
View answer

B) No because sound requires a material medium to travel.

20Which wave can travel through a vacuum?

  1. Sound wave
  2. Water wave
  3. Electromagnetic wave
  4. Seismic wave
View answer

C) Electromagnetic wave because it does not require a material medium.

Motion and Newton's Laws MCQs Q21–30

21What is the formula for speed?

  1. Distance × Time
  2. Distance ÷ Time
  3. Time ÷ Distance
  4. Mass × Acceleration
View answer

B) Distance ÷ Time because speed is distance travelled per unit time.

22What is the SI unit of speed?

  1. m/s
  2. km
  3. m/s²
  4. kg/m³
View answer

A) m/s because speed is measured in metres per second.

23What is the SI unit of acceleration?

  1. m/s
  2. m/s²
  3. kg/m³
  4. N/m
View answer

B) m/s² because acceleration is the change in velocity per unit time.

24Which law states that an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a net external force?

  1. Newton's first law
  2. Newton's second law
  3. Newton's third law
  4. Law of gravitation
View answer

A) Newton's first law because it describes inertia.

25What is Newton's second law of motion commonly expressed as?

  1. F = mv
  2. F = ma
  3. P = VI
  4. W = mg
View answer

B) F = ma because force equals mass multiplied by acceleration.

26Which law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction?

  1. Newton's first law
  2. Newton's second law
  3. Newton's third law
  4. Ohm's law
View answer

C) Newton's third law because forces occur in equal and opposite pairs.

27What is the approximate acceleration due to gravity near Earth's surface?

  1. 4.9 m/s²
  2. 9.8 m/s²
  3. 15 m/s²
  4. 98 m/s²
View answer

B) 9.8 m/s² because Earth's gravitational acceleration is approximately 9.8 m/s².

28What is the weight of an object?

  1. Its volume
  2. The gravitational force acting on it
  3. Its density
  4. Its temperature
View answer

B) The gravitational force acting on it because weight is given by W = mg.

29What is the SI unit of mass?

  1. Newton
  2. Kilogram
  3. Joule
  4. Pascal
View answer

B) Kilogram because mass is measured in kilograms (kg).

30Which quantity remains constant when an object is taken from Earth to the Moon?

  1. Weight
  2. Gravitational force
  3. Mass
  4. Gravitational acceleration
View answer

C) Mass because mass does not depend on the local gravitational field.

Density, Momentum, Work and Energy MCQs Q31–40

31What is the formula for density?

  1. Mass × Volume
  2. Mass ÷ Volume
  3. Volume ÷ Mass
  4. Force ÷ Area
View answer

B) Mass ÷ Volume because density is mass per unit volume.

32What is the SI unit of density?

  1. kg/m³
  2. N/m²
  3. kg·m
  4. J/s
View answer

A) kg/m³ because density is mass divided by volume.

33What is the formula for momentum?

  1. Mass × Velocity
  2. Mass × Acceleration
  3. Force × Area
  4. Work ÷ Time
View answer

A) Mass × Velocity because momentum is the product of mass and velocity.

34What is the SI unit of momentum?

  1. kg·m/s
  2. kg/m³
  3. N/m²
  4. J/s
View answer

A) kg·m/s because momentum equals mass multiplied by velocity.

35What is the formula for work done by a constant force in the direction of displacement?

  1. Force ÷ Distance
  2. Force × Distance
  3. Mass × Velocity
  4. Power × Distance
View answer

B) Force × Distance because work equals force multiplied by displacement in the force's direction.

36What is the formula for kinetic energy?

  1. mgh
  2. ½mv²
  3. Fd
  4. ma
View answer

B) ½mv² because kinetic energy depends on mass and the square of velocity.

37What is the formula for gravitational potential energy near Earth's surface?

  1. ½mv²
  2. mgh
  3. VI
  4. F/A
View answer

B) mgh because gravitational potential energy depends on mass, gravity, and height.

38What is the formula for power?

  1. Work ÷ Time
  2. Force ÷ Area
  3. Mass × Volume
  4. Distance × Time
View answer

A) Work ÷ Time because power is the rate at which work is done.

39Which simple machine is used to lift a load with a wheel and rope?

  1. Pulley
  2. Thermometer
  3. Resistor
  4. Lens
View answer

A) Pulley because it helps lift loads by changing the direction of force or providing mechanical advantage.

40What is the turning effect of a force called?

  1. Pressure
  2. Moment of force
  3. Density
  4. Energy
View answer

B) Moment of force because it describes the rotational effect of a force about a pivot.

Pressure and Fluids MCQs Q41–45

41What is the formula for pressure?

  1. Force × Area
  2. Force ÷ Area
  3. Mass ÷ Volume
  4. Work ÷ Time
View answer

B) Force ÷ Area because pressure is force acting per unit area.

42Why does a sharp knife cut more easily than a blunt knife?

  1. It has less mass
  2. It produces greater pressure on a smaller area
  3. It produces less force
  4. It has a lower temperature
View answer

B) It produces greater pressure on a smaller area because pressure increases when the contact area decreases for the same force.

43What is buoyant force?

  1. Force that pulls objects downward only
  2. Upward force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object
  3. Friction between two solids
  4. Magnetic force
View answer

B) Upward force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object because fluids exert an upward buoyant force.

44Which principle explains why a floating object displaces fluid?

  1. Pascal's principle
  2. Archimedes' principle
  3. Ohm's law
  4. Newton's first law
View answer

B) Archimedes' principle because buoyancy equals the weight of the displaced fluid.

45Which instrument measures the relative density of liquids?

  1. Hydrometer
  2. Ammeter
  3. Voltmeter
  4. Barometer
View answer

A) Hydrometer because it measures the relative density of liquids.

Heat and Temperature MCQs Q46–58

46What is the normal boiling point of pure water at standard atmospheric pressure?

  1. 0°C
  2. 50°C
  3. 100°C
  4. 150°C
View answer

C) 100°C because pure water boils at 100°C at standard atmospheric pressure.

47What is the freezing point of pure water at standard atmospheric pressure?

  1. 0°C
  2. 10°C
  3. 32°C
  4. 100°C
View answer

A) 0°C because pure water freezes at approximately 0°C under standard conditions.

48Which method of heat transfer does not require a material medium?

  1. Conduction
  2. Convection
  3. Radiation
  4. All three
View answer

C) Radiation because thermal radiation can travel through a vacuum.

49Which material is generally a good conductor of heat?

  1. Wood
  2. Rubber
  3. Copper
  4. Plastic
View answer

C) Copper because metals such as copper conduct heat efficiently.

50Which material is commonly used as a thermal insulator?

  1. Copper
  2. Aluminium
  3. Silver
  4. Wood
View answer

D) Wood because it generally conducts heat poorly compared with metals.

51Which colour absorbs the most visible light when comparing similar surfaces?

  1. White
  2. Black
  3. Silver
  4. Yellow
View answer

B) Black because black surfaces absorb most incident visible light.

52Which colour generally reflects the most visible light?

  1. Black
  2. Dark blue
  3. White
  4. Dark green
View answer

C) White because white surfaces reflect a large proportion of visible light.

53What is the transfer of heat through direct contact called?

  1. Radiation
  2. Conduction
  3. Convection
  4. Reflection
View answer

B) Conduction because heat passes through interacting particles in direct contact.

54How does heat mainly travel through liquids and gases in bulk?

  1. Convection
  2. Reflection
  3. Refraction
  4. Magnetism
View answer

A) Convection because heat is carried by the movement of the fluid.

55What is the SI unit of temperature?

  1. Celsius
  2. Fahrenheit
  3. Kelvin
  4. Joule
View answer

C) Kelvin because it is the SI base unit of thermodynamic temperature.

56What is the approximate value of absolute zero on the Celsius scale?

  1. 0°C
  2. −100°C
  3. −273.15°C
  4. −373.15°C
View answer

C) −273.15°C because absolute zero is 0 kelvin.

57Which instrument measures humidity?

  1. Hygrometer
  2. Barometer
  3. Ammeter
  4. Speedometer
View answer

A) Hygrometer because it measures moisture in the air.

58What happens to most substances when heated?

  1. They always shrink
  2. They expand
  3. Their mass doubles
  4. They lose all density
View answer

B) They expand because heating usually increases the average separation between their particles.

Light, Lenses and Mirrors MCQs Q59–70

59Which lens is thicker at the centre than at the edges?

  1. Concave lens
  2. Convex lens
  3. Plane glass
  4. Cylindrical mirror
View answer

B) Convex lens because it bulges outward and is generally thicker at the centre.

60Which lens is thinner at the centre than at the edges?

  1. Convex lens
  2. Concave lens
  3. Magnifying lens
  4. Converging lens
View answer

B) Concave lens because it curves inward and is generally thinner at the centre.

61Which type of lens is commonly used as a magnifying glass?

  1. Concave lens
  2. Convex lens
  3. Plane mirror
  4. Prism only
View answer

B) Convex lens because it can produce an enlarged virtual image when the object is within its focal length.

62Which mirror is commonly used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?

  1. Plane mirror
  2. Convex mirror
  3. Concave mirror
  4. Parabolic mirror only
View answer

B) Convex mirror because it provides a wider field of view.

63Which mirror can produce a magnified image of an object placed close to it?

  1. Convex mirror
  2. Concave mirror
  3. Plane mirror
  4. None
View answer

B) Concave mirror because it can form an enlarged virtual image when the object is between the mirror and its focal point.

64The bouncing back of light from a surface is called:

  1. Refraction
  2. Reflection
  3. Diffraction
  4. Dispersion
View answer

B) Reflection because light returns from a surface into the original medium.

65The bending of light when it passes from one medium into another is called:

  1. Reflection
  2. Refraction
  3. Radiation
  4. Polarization only
View answer

B) Refraction because light changes direction when its speed changes between media.

66What is the splitting of white light into its component colours called?

  1. Reflection
  2. Dispersion
  3. Conduction
  4. Interference only
View answer

B) Dispersion because different wavelengths refract by different amounts.

67Which colour of visible light has the longest wavelength?

  1. Violet
  2. Blue
  3. Green
  4. Red
View answer

D) Red because red light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum.

68Which colour of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

  1. Red
  2. Yellow
  3. Violet
  4. Orange
View answer

C) Violet because violet light has the shortest wavelength in the visible spectrum.

69What is the approximate refractive index of air?

  1. 1.00
  2. 1.33
  3. 1.50
  4. 2.42
View answer

A) 1.00 because the refractive index of air is very close to 1.

70Which phenomenon explains the formation of a rainbow?

  1. Only reflection
  2. Refraction, dispersion, and internal reflection
  3. Conduction
  4. Magnetism
View answer

B) Refraction, dispersion, and internal reflection because water droplets separate sunlight into colours.

Electricity and Circuits MCQs Q71–82

71What is the flow of electric charge called?

  1. Resistance
  2. Electric current
  3. Potential energy
  4. Capacitance
View answer

B) Electric current because it is the rate of flow of electric charge.

72What is Ohm's law?

  1. V = IR
  2. P = F/A
  3. F = ma
  4. E = mc²
View answer

A) V = IR because voltage equals current multiplied by resistance for an ohmic conductor under constant physical conditions.

73If voltage is 12 V and resistance is 4 Ω, what is the current?

  1. 2 A
  2. 3 A
  3. 4 A
  4. 48 A
View answer

B) 3 A because I = V/R = 12/4 = 3 A.

74If current is 2 A and resistance is 5 Ω, what is the voltage?

  1. 2.5 V
  2. 7 V
  3. 10 V
  4. 20 V
View answer

C) 10 V because V = IR = 2 × 5 = 10 V.

75Which device converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?

  1. Electric motor
  2. Generator
  3. Transformer
  4. Solar cell
View answer

A) Electric motor because it uses electrical energy to produce motion.

76Which device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?

  1. Electric motor
  2. Generator
  3. Electric heater
  4. Battery charger only
View answer

B) Generator because it produces electrical energy from mechanical motion.

77Which instrument measures electric resistance?

  1. Ohmmeter
  2. Thermometer
  3. Barometer
  4. Hydrometer
View answer

A) Ohmmeter because it measures electrical resistance.

78What happens to the total resistance when resistors are connected in series?

  1. It becomes zero
  2. It equals the sum of their resistances
  3. It is always less than the smallest resistance
  4. It remains equal to one resistor
View answer

B) It equals the sum of their resistances because series resistances add together.

79What happens to the equivalent resistance when resistors are connected in parallel?

  1. It is greater than the largest resistance
  2. It equals the sum of all resistances
  3. It is less than the smallest individual resistance
  4. It is always zero
View answer

C) It is less than the smallest individual resistance because parallel paths reduce equivalent resistance.

80Which material is a good electrical conductor?

  1. Rubber
  2. Glass
  3. Copper
  4. Dry wood
View answer

C) Copper because it contains mobile electrons that carry electric charge.

81Which material is an electrical insulator?

  1. Silver
  2. Copper
  3. Aluminium
  4. Rubber
View answer

D) Rubber because it strongly resists the flow of electric current.

82What is the function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

  1. Increase voltage
  2. Protect against excessive current
  3. Store electric charge
  4. Produce magnetic fields only
View answer

B) Protect against excessive current because the fuse melts and breaks the circuit when current becomes too high.

Magnetism and AC Supply MCQs Q83–90

83Which pole of a freely suspended magnet points approximately toward geographic north?

  1. South pole
  2. North pole
  3. Both poles
  4. Neither pole
View answer

B) North pole because it aligns approximately with Earth's geographic north direction.

84Which material is strongly attracted to a magnet?

  1. Wood
  2. Iron
  3. Plastic
  4. Glass
View answer

B) Iron because it is a ferromagnetic material.

85What happens when two like magnetic poles are brought together?

  1. They attract
  2. They repel
  3. They disappear
  4. They become neutral
View answer

B) They repel because like magnetic poles repel each other.

86What happens when two unlike magnetic poles are brought together?

  1. They repel
  2. They attract
  3. They lose their magnetism immediately
  4. Nothing happens
View answer

B) They attract because opposite magnetic poles attract each other.

87What is the core of a typical electromagnet commonly made of?

  1. Soft iron
  2. Wood
  3. Glass
  4. Plastic
View answer

A) Soft iron because it is easily magnetized and demagnetized.

88What is the frequency of standard alternating current (AC) supply in Pakistan?

  1. 25 Hz
  2. 50 Hz
  3. 60 Hz
  4. 100 Hz
View answer

B) 50 Hz because Pakistan's standard AC supply frequency is 50 hertz.

89Which device changes alternating voltage from one level to another?

  1. Transformer
  2. Ammeter
  3. Fuse
  4. Resistor only
View answer

A) Transformer because electromagnetic induction allows it to increase or decrease AC voltage.

90Which transformer increases voltage?

  1. Step-down transformer
  2. Step-up transformer
  3. Isolation fuse
  4. Rectifier
View answer

B) Step-up transformer because it raises the output voltage.

Atomic and Nuclear Physics MCQs Q91–100

91Which particle has a negative electric charge?

  1. Proton
  2. Neutron
  3. Electron
  4. Photon
View answer

C) Electron because electrons carry a negative elementary charge.

92Which particle has a positive electric charge?

  1. Electron
  2. Proton
  3. Neutron
  4. Photon
View answer

B) Proton because protons carry a positive elementary charge.

93Which subatomic particle has no electric charge?

  1. Proton
  2. Electron
  3. Neutron
  4. Positron
View answer

C) Neutron because neutrons are electrically neutral.

94What is the centre of an atom called?

  1. Shell
  2. Nucleus
  3. Orbit
  4. Electron cloud only
View answer

B) Nucleus because it contains protons and neutrons in ordinary atoms.

95Which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power among alpha, beta, and gamma radiation?

  1. Alpha
  2. Beta
  3. Gamma
  4. All have equal penetrating power
View answer

C) Gamma because gamma radiation is generally more penetrating than alpha and beta radiation.

96Which type of radiation is stopped by a sheet of paper?

  1. Alpha
  2. Beta
  3. Gamma
  4. X-rays
View answer

A) Alpha because alpha particles have low penetrating power and can be stopped by paper or the outer layer of skin.

97Which device detects radioactive radiation?

  1. Geiger-Müller counter
  2. Barometer
  3. Hydrometer
  4. Voltmeter
View answer

A) Geiger-Müller counter because it detects ionizing radiation.

98What is the process in which a heavy atomic nucleus splits into smaller nuclei called?

  1. Fusion
  2. Fission
  3. Evaporation
  4. Condensation
View answer

B) Fission because a heavy nucleus divides into smaller nuclei and releases energy.

99What is the process in which light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus called?

  1. Fission
  2. Fusion
  3. Ionization
  4. Reflection
View answer

B) Fusion because light nuclei combine and release energy under suitable conditions.

100Which scientist formulated the law of universal gravitation?

  1. Albert Einstein
  2. Isaac Newton
  3. Galileo Galilei
  4. Michael Faraday
View answer

B) Isaac Newton because he formulated the law of universal gravitation.

How to solve each type of Physics question

SI units and instruments

Learn each quantity with its unit and its instrument as a set, such as force and newton, pressure and pascal, current and ammeter. Most easy marks in this section come from direct recall.

Motion and energy

Memorise the core formulas: speed is distance over time, F = ma, momentum is mv, work is force times distance, kinetic energy is ½mv² and power is work over time. Check the units to confirm your answer.

Heat and light

Remember the three modes of heat transfer and which one needs no medium. For light, separate reflection, refraction and dispersion, and know which mirror or lens is used where.

Electricity and magnetism

Ohm's law, V = IR, solves most numerical questions. Remember that series resistances add, while parallel resistance is always smaller than the smallest one. Like poles repel and unlike poles attract.

Atomic physics

Know the charge of each particle, the order of penetrating power (gamma, beta, alpha) and the difference between fission and fusion.

A simple practice plan

  1. Attempt 20 to 25 MCQs a day, starting with your weakest topic.
  2. Check every answer and read the reason, even when you were right.
  3. Write all formulas and units in one small notebook and revise it daily.
  4. Combine this set with 100 English MCQs and 200 Verbal Intelligence MCQs, and finish the week with a timed Physics Test.

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Frequently asked questions

What are Physics MCQs for Army, Navy and PAF initial tests?

They are multiple-choice questions on school-level physics, such as units, motion, energy, heat, light, electricity, magnetism and atomic structure. The academic section of an initial test checks how well you remember and apply these basics.

Are these Physics MCQs useful for Pak Army, Pak Navy and PAF preparation?

Yes. Academic papers for the armed forces commonly include physics along with English, mathematics and other subjects, so regular practice builds speed and accuracy. This is a practice set and not an official paper.

How many Physics MCQs should I solve each day?

Solving 20 to 25 questions a day with careful review works better than rushing through all 100 in one sitting. At that pace, the full set takes about four to five days.

Does every question have an answer and explanation?

Yes. Tap View answer under any question to see the correct option and the reason. The Show all answers button opens every answer at once.

How can I improve my Physics for the initial test?

Learn the SI units and formulas first, revise one chapter at a time, solve the numerical questions by writing the formula before the numbers, and note your mistakes before each practice session.

Official recruitment sources

For dates, eligibility and test details, always check the official portals: Join Pak Army, Pakistan Navy and Join PAF. This page is not affiliated with any of them.

Related practice

Open Physics MCQs for more untimed practice, try the Physics Test, or read 100 English MCQs. You can also browse the Academic Test page and find preparation pages for the Pak Army, Pak Navy and Pak Air Force.

Ready for a timed attempt?

Test your speed with 25 timed physics questions and get instant results.

Take Physics TestMore Physics MCQs

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